Which Fuel Releases the Most Energy Per Mole Measure by Heating Water :: Papers

Which Fuel Releases the Most Energy Per Mole Measure by Heating Water Hypothesis In this investigation I will burn alcohols to heat up a beaker of water. I will be burning five fuels which are called Methanol, Ethanol, Propanol, Butanol and Pentanol. In my investigation I predict that the alcohol Pentanol would release more energy than the other alcohols because as the chain length of the alkanes get longer, the more energy is released. Apparatus  · Retort stand  · Clamp  · Measuring cylinder  · Thermometer  · Heatproof mats  · Copper can  · Splint  · Chemicals(Methanol, Ethanol, Propanol, Butanol and Pentanol) Independent variables  · Using the same scales  · Same amount of water in copper beaker  · Same height of thermometer from water  · Temperature of water before experiment  · Weight of alcohol before experiment Fair Test To make it a fair test:  · I made sure I put the same amount of water in the copper can.  · I made sure that the water started with the same temperature with the same alcohol.  · I made sure that the height was the same from the water to the thermometer. Health and Safety  · Wear goggles  · Hide tie in the shirt  · Keep bags under the table Method I first got all the apparatus that I needed and set it up. I got a measuring cylinder and measured a 100 cm ³ of water and poured it in a copper can. Then I connected the copper can to the stand with a clamp. Then I would get a spirit lamp which is filled with alcohol and measure it. Then I would use a spirit to light it and put it under the copper can. Then I would heat and stir the water until the temperature has gone up another 10 degrees Celsius. I will then blow out the flame and put the cap on the burner quickly and reweigh the alcohol.

Fahrenheit 451 Analysis Essay

The theme of Ray Bradbury’s classic Fahrenheit 451 can be viewed from several different angles. First and foremost, the book gives an anti-censorship message. Bradbury understood censorship to be a natural outcropping of an overly tolerant society. Yet, the protagonist Guy Montag is one of the few that is courageous enough to find out the truth for himself. This unexpected discovery on the corruption of society challenged traditional values, knowledge and beliefs. The personal freedom to the right of an individual having the freedom of expression when he utilizes the issue of censorship in Fahrenheit 451. In Bradbury’s novel, society has evolved to such an extreme that all literature is illegal to possess. Because of the trouble books may cause, they were banned altogether. For example, one group might think they had a really great idea and wrote it in a book, however, the other group might object to something that has been written, that means the book will have to be modified and therefore censorship begins. Soon, another group objects to something else in the book, and it is again edited, eventually the original product will be lost. Because of this presented danger, no longer can books be read, not only because they might offend someone, but because books raise questions for the people that the government cannot answer. The intellectual thinking that comes from knowledge can often be dangerous, yet, who would want to do that when they can take the easy route? â€Å"Ignorance is bliss† applies perfectly here. The government would rather rule the people orderly than have them start a revolution with knowledge. This philosophy, according to the book, completely ignores the benefits of knowledge. True, knowledge can cause disharmony because it causes people to ask â€Å"why†, but in many ways, knowledge of the past, which is recorded in books, can prevent mankind from making similar mistakes in the present and future. The society envisioned in Fahrenheit 451 is corrupted. As Captain Beatty explains, government control of people’s lives there was not a conspiracy of dictators, but a consensus of everyday people instead. The citizens are so weak-minded that they don’t want to think for themselves and solve the troubling problems of the world. They don’t have much emotion, because they prefer pleasure over hurt. The only way they can do this is to not care. The parlor women, for example, cannot see past the surface. They are more interested in looks than reality; they are so shallow that they cannot see one’s true qualities. It is far easier to live a life of seclusion and a life where technology will provide you with all necessities. Yet more importantly, Fahrenheit 451 described the people in that society as anti-social. Clarisse, the only â€Å"normal† girl mentioned that people in that society doesn’t talk much, at all. They are â€Å"either shouting or dancing around like wild† (30), but the key point is, â€Å"people don’t talk about anything† (31), â€Å"they name a lot of cars or clothes or swimming pools mostly and say how swell!† (31) They do not quite live in the reality, only using abstract things to entertain themselves. â€Å"They all say the same things and nobody says anything different† (31) because in their eyes, technology and the government is always correct. This is very similar to our world today, almost everyone some kind of technology: television, computer, hand held devices. When we have a choice between technology or nature. It is almost certain that technology wins. We are on the computer three to four hours a day, doing work, checking email, social media, or just simply surfing the web. Our everyday life is technology; we depe nd on it so much that it is almost impossible to live without it. People in the novel are afraid of themselves, of what their minds are capable of doing. They fear the thought of knowing, which leads them to depend on others, such as technology and the government to think for them. The best example would be the protagonist Guy Montag. His entire view on life shifted as the book progressed. He was originally a normal fireman, but when he met his neighbor Clarisse McClennen, who was considered a misfit in the society, he began to see things differently. Instead of burning books because it’s useless information to the public, he now wants to share its knowledge with the whole world. Montag is at war with the society, he’s battling against the â€Å"common knowledge† and laws, trying to shine some light on the people. Thus, the book successfully advocates the idea that men should think for themselves, not let technology or any outside sources decide for them. Technology may provide you with joy, but to live life to the fullest, you have to try everything, and there are no substitute for the treasure you can find in books. It’s like Montag said, â€Å"I went around doing one thing and feeling another.† (131) as he reflects on all the trouble that he has gotten into because he has not been true to himself. Although this path might not be easy, it is necessary for any society that doesn’t wish to repeat the mistakes of the past to earn knowledge. Our society today needs to realize that before it is too late.

Children s Range Of Vocabulary Development - 1085 Words

Respond to prompts 4a–c below by referring to children’s range of vocabulary development related to the learning segment—What do they know, what are they struggling with, and/or what is new to them? a. Identify the key vocabulary (i.e., developmentally appropriate sounds, words, phrases, sentences, and paragraphs) essential for children to use during the learning segment. [Students already know key math vocabulary terms such as true math statements, say-ten way, and place values. These terms are crucial for students to continue in expanding their academic vocabulary terms for this math topic. During the learning segments for this topic, students will learn and apply different key vocabulary terms. These terms include words such as†¦show more content†¦Students will also verbally share with the class the different comparison problems they created which will allow students to use the vocabulary terms. The last learning experience, 4, will allow students to continue to build from experience 3 in practicing the vocabulary terms and math symbols. Students will say true math statements as well as create their own. There are several ways students will implement their vocabulary terms in meaningful ways.] 5. Monitoring Children’s Learning In response to the prompts below, refer to the assessments you will submit as part of the materials for Planning Task 1. a. Describe how your planned formal and informal assessments provide direct evidence to monitor children’s multimodal learning throughout the learning segment. [The formal and informal assessments in the learning segments provided direct evident throughout the learning segments as I was able to incorporate relevant and meaningful assessments with my students. In the first lesson, students will be assessed through an observation during the anticipatory activity. I will use a Smart Presentation in this lesson and have the students determine which items have the greatest/least quantity. I will collect the data using my clipboard. In learning experience 2, students will, again, be observed. I will use a checklist ensuring students are able to read quantities from left to right as well as being able to recognize the three key vocabulary terms for this unit –Show MoreRelatedDevelopment Of A Child s Development829 Words   |  4 PagesDevelopment from birth to 19 Introduction For each section of development it is crucial that there is a wide range of ‘normal’ as each child s’ progress is individual. There can also be a delay in development due to constitutional or genetic diseases. There are many things that may influence a child’s development such as; parents, carers and the child’s peer group. There are seven areas of child development : Physical Development Communicational Development Understanding The World NumeracyRead MoreChilds Real Time Referential Processing Development1480 Words   |  6 Pagesabilities in children in order to understand how processing works as well as what contributes to levels of efficiency. Some factors that effect proficiency of this ability includes exposure to infant-directed speech, onset of exposure to first language, socioeconomic status, as well as various individual differences such as language impairments and/or deafness. This paper strives to collect supporting ideas of what factors contribute to a child’s real time referential processing development. ExposureRead MoreEffects Of Parental Divorce On Children s Development1019 Words   |  5 Pagesimpact in children s development. The researches of Divorce and the impact on a child s development. Some of the e journals will explore and help us identify some the effects that harm children as they encounter their parental divorce. Numerous researchers have found that parental divorce is associated with a range of negative outcomes in young children. We will focus on prospective Analysis and explore the study more detailed. The effects of a person’s early relationship on their development throughRead MoreCase Study Of Speaking Volumes787 Words   |  4 Pagesgrowth rates of vocabulary components such as nouns, verbs and grammatical words, such as prepositions, in 34 French children aged 17 months to 42 months, and how the growth rate of these variables correlates with the growth rates of other variables. There are four goals of the study: the first is to investigate the dyna mics of vocabulary growth of the participant children; the second is to examine the pattern of grammatical growth; the third to compare the patterns of vocabulary growth and grammaticalRead MoreThe Learning Progression For Literacy1746 Words   |  7 Pagesparadigm of thinking of what range of skills serves as the foundation of literacy. Skilled readers need language development, conceptual knowledge base, and a broad vocabulary. Children must have sufficient decoding skills that are composed of smaller elements of speech known as phonological awareness and letter-sound correspondence. In addition, readers must have the ability to fluently and easily recognize these words. But to attain a high level of skills, young children need opportunities to developRead MoreThe Vocabulary Test By Kathleen T. Williams1362 Words   |  6 Pages Published in 2007 by Kathleen T. Williams, in conjunction with Pearson Assessment, the Expressive Vocabulary Test, Second Edition (EVT-2) is considered an individually administered, norm-referenced vocabulary assessment (Williams, 2007). The EVT-2 is the second edition of the original Expressive Vocabulary Test by Kathleen T. Williams. As the updated version of the original Expressive Vocabulary Test, the EVT-2 includes new features such as a â€Å"second, parallel form for examiners to test and retestRead MoreThe Effects Of Traumatic Brain Injury ( Tbi )805 Words   |  4 Pagesoccurrences in children. These are bruises in the brain which occur when an impact to the head causes the brain to shake back and forth against the skull. Children, including preschoolers, toddlers, and even infants, often bruise or bump their heads from variety of methods, including motor vehicle or bicycle accidents, falls from heights (beds, stairs, etc.), and sport related impacts (Duhaime et al., 1992 ). Occasionally, these impacts can be hard enough and result in a TBI. Some children may also incurRead MorePervasive Development or Autistic Spectrum Disorders Essay1056 Words   |  5 PagesDefinition of Pervasive Development Disorder: Any of a group of disorders of infancy, childhood, or adolescence that are characterized by distortions in the development of the basic psychological functions such as language, social skills, attention, perception, reality testing, and movement. http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/pervasivedevelopmentaldisorder Pervasive developmental disorder was first used in the 1980’s to describe this class of neurological disorders that can impair social andRead MoreEvaluation Of A Student Struggling With Literacy Comprehension And Theories1597 Words   |  7 Pagesincluding; comprehension, fluency, vocabulary, and writing (Cohen, 2001). This case study will introduce a student struggling with literacy comprehension and theories to support the student’s case. Also included is an understanding for this issue and examples to help the student succeed. Developmental Theories Cognitive development refers to the student being able to understand the concepts and the ability to think with reason. While language motivates cognitive development, language complexity influencesRead MoreEarly Childhood And Child Development928 Words   |  4 Pagestextbook, I have realized that children early years are severely important because they provide the foundation for the rest of their life, as adolescent, and as adult. Children that are well nurtured can live well and be sociable. Early childhood is the most rapid period of development in a human life. A child creates their own sense of identity. Indeed, it is important for a child to have a sense of identity. Although individual children develop at their pace, all children progress through an identifiable

Celebrating Achievements and Face Advercity in Langson...

In the poem â€Å"Negro† by Langston Hughes the speakers goes into deep thought as he reflects on the different hats African Americans have worn throughout history. The speaker is very proud to be an African American as he celebrates the achievements African Americans have made throughout history although faced with adversity. The â€Å"Negro† was written by Langston Hughes who was born in 1902 in Joplin, Missouri. He grew up in Lawrence, Kansas, but also lived in Illinois, Ohio, and Mexico. The first poem he wrote was â€Å"The Negro Speaks of Rivers in the Crisis, which was edited by his mentor W E. B. Du Bois. That poem was written while he attended Columbia University in New York. After college he was able to travel abroad. He went to the†¦show more content†¦The speaker addresses the younger African American generation to advise them to acknowledge what they have been through and to be proud of whom they’ve become. The speaker shows that heâ⠂¬â„¢s pleased throughout the poem. The speaker uses dramatic incidents to describe his story and to grain the reader’s attention. The speaker chooses to use the word â€Å"Negro† because it was used in a negative way toward African Americans. The speaker wanted to make light of the word. The speaker uses irony in the poem by taking a word that was used to be demeaning and boasting about it. The poem style is Lyric and there is consistency throughout the poem. (Kirszner and Mandell) Merriam-Webster defines the word â€Å"Negro† as a member of a race of humankind native to Africa and classified according to physical features (as dark skin pigmentation.) The speaker would believe that the Merriam-Webster definition of the word â€Å"Negro† was inadequate. The speaker would refer to himself as â€Å"The New Negro.† The New Negro Movement was created by Walter White in the 1920’s to help encourage African Americans to celebrate their heritage and promote cultural self-expression, economic independence, and progressive politics and this is what our speaker was doing in this poem. The New Negro Movement was later to become the Harlem Renaissance. (The New Negro Movement) In wearing the different hats of a â€Å"Negro† the speaker makes note of his different roles

Famine Affluence And Morality - 1963 Words

In â€Å"Famine, Affluence and Morality,† Peter Singer emphasizes the potential revisionary implications of accepting utilitarianism as a guide for conduct. The moral philosophy Singer conveys in this text are most closely related and comparable to the ideas of nineteenth-century English philosopher, John Stuart Mill as Singers’ approach is utilitarian rather than deontological. Despite their similarities, the ideas of Singer and J.S Mill contain many discrepancies, especially with regard to whether they lean towards act utilitarianism or rule utilitarianism. Although Singer and Mill both adhere to a consequentialist theory as their moral philosophy, Singer upholds a more socialistic view and focuses on maximizing the happiness of a community†¦show more content†¦From there, he further adds a weaker version of the second principle as he subsites â€Å"something of roughly equal moral importance† for â€Å"something of moral significance† (506). He provides an example for this weaker principle, which is as follows: if one is in a position to save a child drowning in a pond, one should do so even though one might get their clothes muddy as that is not a morally significant cost and the child’s death would be an extremely morally bad state of affairs (506). There is potentially a third premise, which is that we can not only prevent, but alleviate this poverty induced suffering, without sacrificing something of comparable moral importance. Following the premises, Singer presents his conclusion, which is that we ought to contribute as much as we can to the eradication of poverty, until doing so harms us more than it benefits them. In other words, we should give to the extent that if we were to give more, we would cause ourselves as much suffering as we are preventing from someone else. As mentioned, while Singer’s moral philosophy is most closely related to utilitarianism, there are differences between his theory and Mill’s. Unlike Singer, whose assertion although not entirely, likely holds better under Benthamite act utilitarianism, Mill’s theory is instead linked to rule-utilitarianism. SingerShow MoreRelatedFamine, Affluence and Morality1663 Words   |  7 PagesSinger’s Famine, Affluence, and Morality Ametra Heard PHI208 Ethics and Moral Reasoning Instructor Zummuna Davis January 14, 2013 Singer’s Famine, Affluence, and Morality In the Peter Singer’s article â€Å"Famine, Affluence, and Morality†, he discusses the way that people should take moral in their help toward the support of the Bengal famine crisis. Singer states three obligations that would help the Bengal region through the means of a wealthy person, and those individuals living life on a dayRead MoreFamine, Affluence, And Morality1555 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween numerous countries across the world, and enables people living in developed countries to help those who are experiencing famine, deaths and diseases in poor countries. However, the moral necessity of doing so has been controversial in human’s society for years. One philosopher named Peter Singer gives his opinion in the article â€Å"Famine, Affluence, and Morality†, and presents a powerful argument supporting his claim. In this essay, I will explain his conclusion and main argument, propose oneRead MoreFamine, Affluence, And Morality906 Words   |  4 Pa gesWithin â€Å"Famine, Affluence, and Morality† Peter Singer delves into the topic of famine; specifically, the moral obligations individuals in affluent countries have to those who are suffering. In his example, Singer focuses on the population of East Bengal, and their struggle with famine and extreme poverty. Singer proposes that with enough aid from both individuals and various governments extreme poverty can be eradicated. Therefore, the question he presents is why poor people are dying while affluentRead MoreFamine, Affluence, And Morality1991 Words   |  8 PagesWojtek Sokà ³Ã…‚ Phi 115-002 Ethics – Final Paper Famine, Affluence, and Morality Peter Singer Jimmy carter once said, We know that a peaceful world cannot long exist, one-third rich and two-thirds hungry. With the world now more interconnected than ever there might be a solution to world hunger by distribution of wealth. Peter Singer, in his article titled, Famine, Affluence, and Morality, takes this concept of unity that we have on a global scale and tries to tackle the issue of world hunger. BeforeRead MoreFamine, Affluence, and Morality Essay892 Words   |  4 PagesIn the article by Singer, P. (1972) â€Å"Famine, affluence, and morality† main argument is that to persuade his readers in what people of wealth and governments should help with famine relief, especially in East Bengal as one example given. Singer is furthermore also mention somewhat of and utilitarianism. Therefore, according to Mosser, K. (2010) â€Å"A concise introduction to philosophy† states that the â€Å"act utilitarianism applies the idea of utilitarianism to specific acts, emphasizi ng what moral isRead More Famine, Affluence, and Morality Essay2027 Words   |  9 Pagesâ€Å"Famine, Affluence, and Morality†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In â€Å"Famine, Affluence, and Morality,† Peter Singer is trying to argue that â€Å"the way people in relatively affluent countries react to a situation†¦ cannot be justified; indeed,†¦ our moral conceptual scheme needs to be altered and with it, the way of life that has come to be taken for granted in our society†(Singer 230). Peter Singer provides striking examples to show the reader how realistic his arguments are. In this paper, I will briefly give a summary ofRead MoreFamine, Affluence and Morality by Peter Singers929 Words   |  4 Pages In this essay I will be arguing why a utilitarian could possibly disagree with Peter Singers Argument presented in â€Å"Famine, Affluence and Morality.† After reading such an interesting paper I must say as much as I disagreed with Singers viewpoints I almost found it difficult to object them with support. From a utilitarian point of view we are to maximize Happiness by reducing suffering. How can Giving possible make someone unhappy? But as I was thinking a saying came across my mind, â€Å"Two steps forwardRead MoreFamine, Affluence, and Morality Essay1371 Words   |  6 PagesFamine, Affluence, and Morality Websters English Dictionary defines morality as: the conformity to ideals of right human conduct. With this in mind, I wonder who determines right human conduct? Religion aside, there is no literary context that strictly states the rights and wrongs of human behavior. So who decides? Who determines what we ought morally to do and what we are obligated to do as a society? An Australian philosopher, Peter Singer attempts to draw the line between obligationRead MoreFamine, Affluence and Morality by Pete Singer1045 Words   |  4 PagesIn the article, â€Å"Famine, Affluence, and Morality†, Pete Singer, a Utilitarian, argues that citizens in affluent countries such as the United States have a moral obligation to give up as much as they can for famine relief. Singer’s contention in his article is that the way we morally conduct ourselves ought to be reappraised. (Singer, 230). I Singer’s argument, and in this paper, I will examine the distinction between duty a nd charity, compare both deontological and consequential theories of ethicsRead MoreFamine, Affluence and Morality by Peter Singer1486 Words   |  6 PagesIn his own essay â€Å"Famine, Affluence and Morality†, Peter Singer puts forth some compelling arguments for affluent people to give what they have in excess, to the suffering people of the world. Before any criticism is made, here is the argument: - There are people suffering and dying from lack of food, shelter and medical care. - People suffering and dying from lack of food, shelter and medical care is bad. - If you have the power to prevent something bad from happening without sacrificing †¨anything

Measure Power- International Relations Free Essays

Answer to Question 1 Power in international relations is measured first by the economic standing of the states involved, that is, by the state’s current economic status. Immanuel Wallerstein proposed that economic power may well be the key to understanding power relations between countries belonging from the First and Third World; the latter as source of raw materials and skilled manpower and the former the producer of finished product Those countries which have a large military have the high probability of compelling other countries (which have relatively weaker armed force) to obey its political will. — A state can be powerful in three different senses: economic, geographical, and militarily. We will write a custom essay sample on Measure Power- International Relations or any similar topic only for you Order Now A large country may have a considerable bargaining power in international relations as in the case of China; a military state like the Soviet Union and an economic power like Germany. Answer to Question 2 During ancient times, power is roughly measured by the geographical size of a state. The terms â€Å"empire, kingdom, vassal state, and satraps (vassal kingdoms)† prove that saliency of state size as a factor of power. During the middle ages, the same can be applied but with much modification. Those kingdoms and duchies close to the Roman See were given special favors (such as blessings to be crowned the next king or duke), hence they become powerful. In modern times, technology and high economic output (GNP) is the measurement of power; as reasons stated earlier (only the predominant measurement of power is recognized). Answer to Question 3 Both countries have large armed forces, with a large arsenal of nuclear weapons. The United States is an economic power, while the Soviet Union has faced serious economic turndowns. US is the â€Å"leader† of NATO and USSR of the Warsaw Pact countries – the former is more solid and militarily efficient, and the latter of loose military federation of countries. Nevertheless, in world history, both countries were deemed as superpowers for their ability to compel other nations to obey its political agenda. References: Wallerstein, Immanuel. 1974. The Modern World System. 2nd volume. New York Academic Press. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_power       How to cite Measure Power- International Relations, Essay examples

Eleven Japan supply chain management free essay sample

In order for a convenience store chain to be responsive, which mean providing customer with what they need, when they need it and where they need it, some different ways to do are: a) Have large inventory in terms of quantity, variety and quick replenishment in order to be able to respond quickly to customer demand Risk associated:high cost: warehouse, transportation  high Implied Demand Uncertainty: little time to react, risk of inventory that cannot be sold b) Provide highly innovative products in order to provide customer with the best product and/or newest technology Risk associated:high cost: investment into new product high Implied Demand Uncertainty: because the product is new, demand is uncertain c) Provide high level of service quality Risk associated:high cost: staff, training high Implied Demand Uncertainty: customer expectation becomes high over time 2. For Seven-Eleven Japan, when trying to micro-match supply and demand using rapid replenishment, they can face the following risks: High cost of transportation: this choice require frequent delivery and a large number of trucks visiting a store per day, since each truck only carries certain types of product (depends on temperature of storage condition required) Human resources: store staff will have to arrange and re-arrange shelves frequently (according to meal time of a day, for instance). We will write a custom essay sample on Eleven Japan supply chain management or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This may distract them from providing other services to store customer. When demand fluctuates, products become redundant while shelf space is occupied 3. In order to develop capabilities that support its supply chain strategy, Seven-Eleven Japan has made the following decisions in terms of facility location, inventory management, transportation and information infrastructure: Facility location: high density of stores in area where demand is already known (dominant area). Stores are located around a Distribution Center (DC). Inventory management: each store carries an average of 3,000 stock keeping units (SKU) out of 5,000 SKUs that they choose from. DC does not carry any inventory, they just transfer inventory from suppliers’ trucks to Seven-Eleven distribution trucks. Transportation: Distribution trucks are categorized into four kinds of temperature-controlled trucks: frozen food, chilled food, room temperature processed food and warm food. Each truck will make delivery to a number of stores in the area during off-peak hours. When the truck arrives at the store, the driver dropped the delivery and leave, store clerk does not need to present at that moment. It is operated based on trust and convenience. Transportation provide by Transfleet Ltd., a company of Mitsui Co. that serve exclusive to Seven-Eleven Japan. Information infrastructure: the key purpose is to utilize advanced IT to simplify operation. They installed Total Information System, which connect every single store with Head quarter, suppliers and Distribution Center. The system can be briefly described with below components and functionalities: Network: Integrated Service Digital Network (ISDN): linking more than 5000 stores Hardware: Graphic order terminal: used by store manager/owner to place orders. Items are recorded by shelf order. When placing order, details analysis of POS data, including sales analysis, SUKs, sales trends for 10 weeks/10 day, sales trend for new product, slow moving items etc†¦ will be provided. Orders will be sent via store computer to appropriate vendor and Seven-Eleven distribution center Scanner terminal: used to read barcode and record inventory when receiving incoming delivery from DC Store computer: linked to IDSN, POS register, graphic order terminal and scanner terminal to do all the communication and information flow POS: is used collect point-of-sale information, consisting POS cash registers and terminal control equipment. POS register is used by cashiers to record item information, time of sale plus their input about customer: age range, gender. These data is collected by 11pm each day and is ready to be analyzed on the next morning Total Information System helps Seven-Eleven to match supply and demand: shelves arrangement due to daily pattern; non/slow moving items replacement; decision to continue stocking a new item within a week. The key point is not to waste valuable shelf space. 4. When Seven-Eleven does not allow direct store delivery in Japan, but instead has all product flow through its distribution center, the benefits it can get are: Better reservation of products, hence better quality of products: because at DC, products are classified and transferred to temperature-controlled trucks, they will be in good condition when making their way to store Save on resources: because the delivery trucks that come to each store are Seven-Eleven trucks, delivery is based on trust, the store does not need to assign staff to present at delivery time. They can focus on serving store customer and receive delivery later when there are few customers. Besides, with delivery from Seven-Eleven DC and trucks, store delivery can be done via Scanner terminal, which makes information transparent and easier to be recorded and controlled. However, direct store delivery will be more appropriate when the density of store is not too high, and each store does not carry such wide variety of products Efficiency and cost saving: The number of delivery trucks required per day for each store is reduced (from 70 trucks in 1974 down to 9 trucks in 2006) 5. The 7Dream concept for Seven-Eleven Japan is a business model that provides convenience, or in other words, value-added service to customer. It will help to bring customer to the store and also improve Seven-Eleven’s reputation and brand awareness. From a supply chain perspective, this concept is likely to be more successful in Japan it is in the United States. Reasons are: The frequency that American customers visit their convenience store is not as high as that of Japanese customers Seven-Eleven stores are easily accessed to most Japanese, while this easiness varies widely in America from city to city. Due to cultural reason, American preferred to have their online purchases delivered to their house, even when they are not home at the delivery time. Both customers and couriers are used to delivery parcels being left on the door of a closing house. 6. Seven-Eleven is attempting to duplicate the supply chain structure that has succeeded in Japan and the United States with the introduction of CDCs. The pros and cons of this approach are: Pros: Enable Seven-Eleven to continue their goal of introducing more fresh food item in order to move their competencies out if traditional gas station food mart market, into a new market segment with Starbuck-like models. CDS allows Seven-Eleven to have more control over these fresh items quality, hence raise their competitive level Cons: With DSC from wholesalers and manufacturers continue to take place, there will be overlapping of delivery on some certain type of products Moreover, store staff will then have to accommodate deliveries from an increased number of trucks at different time during a day, which put a pressure on store resources. 7. Food service in United States: when having a distributor replenish convenience stores versus a company like Seven-Eleven managing is own distribution function, the pros and cons are: a. Having a distributor replenish convenience stores